Various Types of Transistors in Proteus Transistor as a Switch Even though SCR, TRIAC do not fall directly under transistor category, they are also similar to transistors in AC circuits. Mostly BJTs are used for low power and amplifier applications, while MOSFET, IGBT are used for High switching frequency and High power rating loads for example inverters, Home UPS etc. This is the type of state that we are looking for on this tutorial.Different types of transistors like BJT, FET, MOSFET and some power electronic semiconductor switches like SCR, TRIAC, IGBT etc. We never use this state to run the transistor as a signal amplifier (class A amplifier) because the output signal will be clamped when the transistor is saturate.
On saturate state: in this state any changes in I B will not cause changes in I C anymore (not linear) or we could say I C is nearly constant.For example if we have a transistor with gain of 100 and we increase the I B from 10uA to 100uA this will cause the I C to swing from 1000uA to 10000uA (1 mA to 10 mA). This type of state is suitable when we use transistor as a signal amplifier because transistor is said is in the linear state.
On active state: in this state any changes in I B will cause changes in I C as well or I C = I B x h FE.Off state: in this state there is no base current applied or I B = 0.Therefore transistor can be used as amplifier any small signal (very small current) applied to the base terminal will be amplified by the factor of h FE and reflected as a collector current on the collector terminal side. The transistor actually works as a current gainer any current applied to the base terminal will be multiplied by the current gain factor of the transistor which known as h FE. I have to make clear on this BJT type to differentiate among the other types of transistors family such as FET (Field Effect Transistor), MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET), VMOS (Vertical MOSFET) and UJT (Uni-Junction Transistor). One of the popular method is to use the Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) or we just called it transistor in this tutorial. Most of microcontrollers work within 5 volt environment and the I/O port can only handle current up to 20mA therefore if we want to attach the microcontroller’s I/O port to different voltage level circuit or to drive devices with more than 20mA we need to use the interface circuit.
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